The Portuguese Republic is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It shares a border with Spain and has a long coastline along the Atlantic Ocean. The capital city is Lisbon, known for its rich history and vibrant culture. Portugal is a member of the European Union and has a population of approximately 10 million people. Established as a republic in 1910, the Portuguese Republic has a parliamentary system of government. The country is known for its diverse landscapes, including mountains, beaches, and vineyards. Portugal is also famous for its contributions to exploration, particularly during the Age of Discoveries, when explorers like Vasco da Gama played significant roles in global trade.