Monarchy is a form of government where a single person, known as a monarch, rules the state. This system can be absolute, where the monarch has almost complete control, or constitutional, where their powers are limited by law. Monarchs often inherit their position, making it a hereditary system. Throughout history, monarchies have played significant roles in shaping nations and cultures. Famous monarchs like Queen Elizabeth II and Louis XIV have left lasting legacies. While many modern nations have moved towards democratic systems, monarchies still exist in various forms around the world, influencing politics and society.