Politics in Nepal is characterized by a multi-party system, where various political parties compete for power. The country transitioned to a federal democratic republic in 2008, ending a monarchy that had lasted for centuries. The Constitution of Nepal, adopted in 2015, outlines the structure of government and guarantees fundamental rights to its citizens. The political landscape is often influenced by ethnic diversity and regional issues. Major parties include the Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal. Frequent changes in government and coalition politics are common, reflecting the dynamic nature of Nepalese politics and the challenges of governance in a diverse society.