The plant cuticle is a protective layer found on the surface of leaves and stems. It is primarily composed of cutin, a waxy substance that helps reduce water loss by preventing evaporation. This layer is crucial for maintaining plant hydration and protecting against environmental stressors like pathogens and UV radiation. In addition to its protective functions, the cuticle also plays a role in gas exchange. Tiny openings called stomata are embedded within the cuticle, allowing for the exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. This balance is essential for processes such as photosynthesis and respiration in plants.