Pepi II was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the Sixth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom, around 2278 to 2184 BCE. He is known for having one of the longest reigns in history, lasting approximately 94 years. His reign was marked by significant architectural projects, including the construction of his pyramid at Saqqara. During Pepi II's rule, Egypt experienced a period of relative stability and prosperity. Trade expanded, and the economy flourished, allowing for advancements in art and culture. However, his long reign also saw the beginning of political challenges that would eventually lead to the decline of the Old Kingdom.