Sneferu was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty, known for his significant contributions to pyramid construction. He ruled during the Old Kingdom, around 2613 to 2589 BCE, and is credited with building the first true pyramids, including the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid at Dahshur. His innovative architectural techniques marked a transition from step-sided to smooth-sided pyramids. Sneferu's reign was also notable for advancements in art and culture, as well as the expansion of trade networks. He is often regarded as a pivotal figure in the evolution of ancient Egyptian architecture, setting the stage for later pharaohs like Khufu, who built the Great Pyramid of Giza.