Passive techniques refer to methods that do not require active participation or effort from individuals to achieve a desired outcome. These techniques often rely on natural processes or existing conditions to produce results. For example, in architecture, passive solar design utilizes sunlight for heating and lighting without mechanical systems, enhancing energy efficiency. In the context of learning, passive techniques include listening to lectures or watching videos without engaging in discussions or activities. While these methods can provide information, they may not promote deep understanding or retention compared to active learning strategies, which involve participation and interaction.