A Pap smear is a medical test used to screen for cervical cancer in individuals with a cervix. During the procedure, a healthcare provider collects cells from the cervix using a small brush or spatula. These cells are then examined in a laboratory to check for any abnormal changes that could indicate the presence of cancer or precancerous conditions. Regular Pap smears are recommended for individuals starting at age 21, regardless of sexual history. The frequency of testing may vary based on age and previous results, but it is generally advised to have a Pap smear every three years until age 29, and then every five years if combined with HPV testing for those aged 30 to 65.