During the medieval period, Islamic scholars engaged in various controversies that shaped the development of Islamic theology and philosophy. Debates often arose over the interpretation of the Qur'an and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, leading to differing schools of thought, such as Sunni and Shia Islam. These discussions also included the role of reason versus revelation in understanding faith. Another significant area of controversy involved the relationship between Islam and Greek philosophy. Scholars like Al-Farabi and Ibn Rushd sought to reconcile rational thought with religious beliefs, while others, such as Al-Ghazali, criticized the reliance on philosophy. These debates influenced the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world and beyond.