The Macedonian Phalanx was a military formation developed in ancient Macedonia during the reign of Philip II and later used by his son, Alexander the Great. This formation consisted of heavily armed infantry soldiers called phalangites, who carried long spears known as sarissas. The soldiers stood in tight ranks, creating a wall of spears that was difficult for enemies to penetrate. The effectiveness of the Macedonian Phalanx lay in its ability to maintain cohesion and deliver powerful offensive strikes. This formation allowed the Macedonian army to dominate battles across Greece and beyond, contributing significantly to the expansion of the Macedonian Empire.