Luminism is an art movement that emerged in the late 19th century, primarily in the United States. It focuses on the effects of light and atmosphere in landscape painting, emphasizing the interplay between light and nature. Artists sought to capture the transient qualities of light, often using soft brushwork and vibrant colors to create a sense of tranquility. Key figures in Luminism include Frederic Edwin Church and Thomas Cole, who were known for their detailed and luminous landscapes. This movement is often associated with the broader Hudson River School, which celebrated the American wilderness and its natural beauty.