The 19th Century was a period of significant change and development, marked by the Industrial Revolution, which transformed economies and societies around the world. Innovations in technology, such as the steam engine and telegraph, revolutionized transportation and communication, leading to urbanization and the rise of factories. This century also saw major social and political movements, including the abolition of slavery and women's suffrage. Notable figures like Charles Dickens and Queen Victoria emerged, influencing literature and culture. The 19th Century laid the groundwork for the modern world, shaping contemporary values and institutions.