King Manuel II of Portugal was the last king of Portugal, reigning from 1908 until the monarchy was abolished in 1910. Born on November 15, 1889, he ascended to the throne after the assassination of his father, King Carlos I, and his brother, Prince Luís Filipe. His reign was marked by political instability and social unrest. During his time as king, Manuel II faced challenges from republican movements and economic difficulties. After the establishment of the Portuguese Republic in 1910, he went into exile, living in various countries, including England and France, until his death on July 2, 1932.