The Japanese literary movement encompasses various styles and trends that have evolved over centuries, reflecting the cultural and social changes in Japan. Key periods include the Heian period, known for its poetry and prose, and the Meiji Restoration, which introduced Western literary influences. In the 20th century, movements like Shintaisei and Jiyu Gakuen emerged, emphasizing individual expression and modern themes. Notable authors such as Natsume Sōseki and Yasunari Kawabata contributed significantly to this evolution, exploring complex human emotions and societal issues through their works.