Iran is located in Western Asia and is bordered by several countries, including Iraq to the west, Turkey to the northwest, and Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east. The country has a diverse landscape that includes mountains, deserts, and forests. The Zagros Mountains run along the western side, while the Alborz Mountains are found in the north, home to the highest peak, Damavand. The climate in Iran varies significantly, with arid and semi-arid regions dominating the central and southern areas. The Caspian Sea lies to the north, providing a unique ecosystem, while the Persian Gulf to the south is vital for trade and oil exports. Major rivers, such as the Karun and Zayandeh, support agriculture in the region.