The Indo-Iranian languages are a major branch of the Indo-European language family. They are primarily spoken in regions of South Asia and Iran, and include languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Persian, and Pashto. This group is divided into three main sub-branches: Indo-Aryan, Iranian, and Nuristani. These languages share common linguistic features and have evolved over thousands of years. The Indo-Aryan languages are predominantly spoken in India and Pakistan, while the Iranian languages are found in Iran and surrounding areas. Together, they reflect a rich cultural and historical heritage.