The Incan Empire, which thrived in the 15th and 16th centuries, was known for its advanced agricultural techniques, including terrace farming and irrigation systems. The Incas cultivated crops such as potatoes, maize, and quinoa, which were essential for their diet and economy. They also domesticated animals like llamas and alpacas for transportation and wool. Incan society was highly organized, with a strong emphasis on community and labor. The Sapa Inca, or emperor, was considered a divine ruler, and the empire was divided into regions called suyus. The Incas built impressive structures, including Machu Picchu, showcasing their architectural skills and connection to the natural landscape.