The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a key international treaty that aims to protect the civil and political rights of individuals. Adopted by the United Nations in 1966, it outlines essential rights such as the right to life, freedom of speech, and the right to a fair trial. Countries that ratify the ICCPR commit to respecting and ensuring these rights for all people within their jurisdiction. The ICCPR is part of the International Bill of Human Rights, which also includes the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The treaty is monitored by the Human Rights Committee, which reviews reports from member states and provides recommendations to improve human rights practices.