Gynecological cancer refers to cancers that occur in a woman's reproductive system, including the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva. The most common types are ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes, as symptoms can often be vague or mistaken for other conditions. Risk factors for gynecological cancer may include age, family history, and certain genetic mutations, such as those in the BRCA genes. Regular screenings, such as Pap smears for cervical cancer, can help identify issues early. Awareness of symptoms, like unusual bleeding or pelvic pain, is essential for timely medical attention.