German Romanticism was a cultural movement that emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, emphasizing emotion, nature, and individualism. It arose as a reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the industrialization of society. Key figures included poets like Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, who celebrated the beauty of nature and the depth of human experience. The movement also influenced music and art, with composers such as Robert Schumann and Franz Schubert creating emotionally charged works. Visual artists like Caspar David Friedrich depicted sublime landscapes, reflecting the Romantic ideal of connecting with nature and exploring the inner self.