German Drama refers to the theatrical works produced in Germany, particularly from the late 18th century to the early 20th century. It encompasses various styles and movements, including Weimar Classicism, represented by playwrights like Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller. These works often explore themes of individualism, morality, and the human condition. In the 19th century, Realism and Naturalism emerged, focusing on everyday life and social issues. Notable figures include Gerhart Hauptmann, whose plays highlighted the struggles of the working class. The 20th century saw the rise of Brechtian theatre, emphasizing political themes and audience engagement through techniques like the Verfremdungseffekt or "alienation effect."