The Final War of the Roman Republic, occurring from 32 to 30 BCE, was a pivotal conflict that marked the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. It primarily involved a power struggle between Octavian, the adopted heir of Julius Caesar, and Mark Antony, a leading general and politician. The war was characterized by a series of battles, political maneuvers, and shifting alliances. The conflict culminated in the decisive naval battle of Actium in 31 BCE, where Octavian's forces defeated Antony and his ally, Cleopatra, the Queen of Egypt. Following their defeat, Antony and Cleopatra fled to Egypt, where they ultimately took their own lives in 30 BCE. This war led to Octavian becoming the first