Homonym: Octavian (Augustus)
Octavian, later known as Augustus, was the first Roman emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. Born in 63 BC as Gaius Octavius, he was the adopted son of Julius Caesar. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Octavian formed the Second Triumvirate with Mark Antony and Marcus Lepidus to defeat their enemies and consolidate power.
Octavian's reign marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire. He implemented significant reforms, including the establishment of a standing army and a network of roads. His leadership brought stability and prosperity, known as the Pax Romana, which lasted for over two centuries.