European colonization refers to the period when European countries, such as Spain, France, and Britain, established control over various regions around the world, particularly in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. This process began in the late 15th century and involved explorers claiming lands, often disregarding the rights of indigenous peoples. Colonizers sought resources, land, and new markets, leading to significant cultural exchanges and conflicts. As a result of colonization, many native populations faced displacement, violence, and disease, drastically altering their ways of life. The legacy of this era is still felt today, influencing global politics, economies, and cultures, as well as ongoing discussions about colonialism and reparations.