Colonialism is a practice where a country establishes control over a foreign territory, often by settling its own population there and exploiting the resources. This process typically involves the domination of the local people, leading to significant changes in their culture, economy, and social structures. Colonial powers often justified their actions through beliefs of superiority and a mission to "civilize" the indigenous populations. Throughout history, many regions experienced colonialism, including Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Notable examples include the British Empire, which expanded across various continents, and Spanish colonization in the New World. The impacts of colonialism are still felt today, influencing global relations and local identities.