Britain, often referred to as the United Kingdom, is an island nation located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. It comprises four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Known for its rich history, diverse culture, and significant contributions to art, science, and politics, Britain has played a pivotal role on the global stage. The capital city, London, is a bustling metropolis famous for landmarks such as the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, and the British Museum. With a blend of modernity and tradition, Britain attracts millions of tourists each year, eager to explore its heritage and vibrant cities.