Cryopyrin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which helps the body respond to infections and inflammation. When activated, Cryopyrin triggers the production of inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin-1β, which are essential for fighting off pathogens. Mutations in the gene that encodes Cryopyrin can lead to various autoinflammatory diseases, such as Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome and Muckle-Wells Syndrome. These conditions cause recurrent fevers, skin rashes, and joint pain due to inappropriate activation of the immune response. Understanding Cryopyrin is important for developing targeted therapies for these disorders.