Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a type of protein known as a cytokine, which plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is produced mainly by macrophages and is involved in the inflammatory response. IL-1β helps to regulate various immune functions, including the activation of T cells and the production of other cytokines, thereby promoting inflammation to fight infections. In addition to its role in immune responses, IL-1β is also implicated in various diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 2 diabetes. Elevated levels of IL-1β can lead to chronic inflammation, contributing to tissue damage and disease progression. Understanding IL-1β is essential for developing targeted therapies for these conditions.