Counseling approaches refer to the various methods and techniques used by therapists to help individuals address their emotional, psychological, and behavioral issues. Common approaches include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which focuses on changing negative thought patterns, and Person-Centered Therapy, which emphasizes empathy and unconditional positive regard to foster self-discovery. Other approaches include Gestalt Therapy, which encourages awareness of the present moment, and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, which aims to identify and build on existing strengths to find solutions. Each approach is tailored to meet the unique needs of clients, promoting personal growth and well-being.