Civil War artillery played a crucial role in battles during the American Civil War (1861-1865). It included various types of large-caliber guns, such as cannons and howitzers, which were used to fire explosive shells, solid shot, and canister shots at enemy troops and fortifications. Artillery units were often positioned on hills or behind protective earthworks to maximize their range and effectiveness. The most common types of artillery used were the Napoleon 12-pounder and the Parrott rifle. These weapons could cause significant damage and were essential for both offensive and defensive strategies. Artillery crews typically consisted of several soldiers who worked together to load, aim, and fire the cannons efficiently.