The Napoleon 12-pounder is a type of artillery piece that was widely used during the American Civil War. It was named after Napoleon Bonaparte, reflecting its French origins. This cannon fired a 12-pound projectile and was known for its accuracy and range, making it a favorite among commanders on the battlefield. With its smoothbore design, the Napoleon could fire various types of ammunition, including solid shot, explosive shells, and canister shots. Its versatility and effectiveness contributed to its reputation as one of the best field guns of its time, playing a crucial role in many significant battles throughout the war.