The Civil War was a significant conflict in the United States that lasted from 1861 to 1865. It was primarily fought between the Northern states, known as the Union, and the Southern states, known as the Confederacy. The main issues at stake were slavery and states' rights, which led to deep divisions in the country. The war resulted in immense loss of life and destruction, but it ultimately preserved the Union and led to the abolition of slavery. Key figures like Abraham Lincoln played crucial roles in guiding the nation through this turbulent period, shaping the future of America.