The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) is a law enacted in India in December 2019. It aims to provide a pathway to Indian citizenship for non-Muslim refugees from neighboring countries, specifically Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan, who entered India before December 31, 2014. The act applies to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians, allowing them to apply for citizenship after six years of residency. The CAA has sparked significant debate and protests across India. Critics argue that it discriminates based on religion, violating the secular principles enshrined in the Indian Constitution. Supporters claim it offers protection to persecuted minorities from neighboring countries.