Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree native to East Asia. It is the primary source of tea, including varieties such as green, black, white, and oolong. The leaves and buds of this plant are harvested and processed to create different types of tea, each with unique flavors and health benefits. This plant thrives in warm, humid climates and prefers well-drained, acidic soil. Camellia sinensis can grow up to 30 feet tall in the wild, but it is often pruned to a smaller size for easier harvesting. Its cultivation has significant cultural and economic importance in many countries, particularly in China and India.