The Bourbon monarchy refers to the royal family that has ruled various countries in Europe, most notably France and Spain. The Bourbons originated in the late 13th century and became prominent in the 16th century. They are known for their significant influence on European politics, culture, and history, particularly during the Ancien Régime in France. In France, the Bourbon dynasty produced several kings, including Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, who reigned for 72 years. The monarchy faced challenges, including the French Revolution in 1789, which led to its temporary abolition. The Bourbons were restored to the throne in the 19th century but faced further upheaval, ultimately leading to their decline in power.