"Big Bertha" refers to a type of large artillery piece used by the German army during World War I. It was designed by the German arms manufacturer Gustav Krupp and was known for its impressive range and destructive power. The cannon could fire shells weighing up to 1,800 pounds over distances of more than nine miles, making it a formidable weapon on the battlefield. The name "Big Bertha" was derived from the nickname of Bertha Krupp, the daughter of the company's owner. The artillery piece gained notoriety for its role in the bombardment of Liege in 1914, where it was used to destroy heavily fortified positions. Its impact on warfare marked a significant advancement in artillery technology.