Siege weapons are large machines designed to break through the defenses of fortified structures, like castles or city walls. They were commonly used in battles during the Middle Ages. Examples of siege weapons include catapults, trebuchets, and battering rams. These devices could launch heavy projectiles or apply immense force to breach walls, making them essential for armies trying to conquer fortified locations. The effectiveness of siege weapons often depended on their design and the skill of the operators. Some, like the ballista, functioned like giant crossbows, while others, such as siege towers, allowed soldiers to scale walls. These innovations played a crucial role in warfare, shaping the strategies of both attackers and defenders.