World War I, also known as the Great War, was a major conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918. It involved many of the world's great powers, divided into two main alliances: the Allies and the Central Powers. The war was characterized by trench warfare and significant loss of life, leading to profound changes in the political landscape of Europe. The war began after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, which triggered a series of alliances and conflicts. Ultimately, the war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, which imposed heavy reparations on Germany and redrew national borders, setting the stage for future conflicts.