Banana cultivars refer to the various cultivated varieties of the banana plant, primarily belonging to the species Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. These cultivars differ in size, color, taste, and texture, with the most common being the Cavendish banana, which dominates global production. Other notable cultivars include the sweet Gros Michel and the red banana, each offering unique flavors and culinary uses. Cultivars are developed through selective breeding and can be influenced by factors such as climate and soil conditions. Some cultivars are specifically bred for disease resistance, while others are chosen for their ability to thrive in particular environments. Understanding these differences helps farmers and consumers appreciate the diversity of bananas available worldwide.