Arterial stiffness refers to the reduced ability of the arteries to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. This condition can occur due to aging, high blood pressure, or other factors that affect the elasticity of the arterial walls. Stiffer arteries can lead to increased blood pressure and may contribute to cardiovascular diseases. Measuring arterial stiffness is often done using techniques like ultrasound or pulse wave velocity. High levels of arterial stiffness are associated with a higher risk of heart attack, stroke, and other serious health issues. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help improve arterial flexibility.