The Anthropophagist Movement, also known as the Anthropophagism or Cannibalist Movement, emerged in Brazil during the early 20th century. It was a cultural and artistic response to European influences, advocating for the idea of "cannibalizing" foreign elements to create a unique Brazilian identity. This movement was closely associated with the Modernist movement and sought to celebrate Brazil's diverse cultural heritage. Key figures in the Anthropophagist Movement included the writer Oswald de Andrade, who articulated its principles in his famous manifesto, "Manifesto Antropófago." The movement emphasized the importance of embracing and transforming external influences rather than merely imitating them, promoting a sense of cultural independence and innovation in Brazilian art and literature.