20th-century architecture is characterized by a diverse range of styles and movements that emerged in response to modern technology and changing social needs. Key styles include Modernism, which emphasizes simplicity and functionality, and Brutalism, known for its raw concrete structures. Architects like Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright played significant roles in shaping this era, focusing on innovative designs that integrated with their environments. The century also saw the rise of Postmodernism, which reacted against the strict principles of Modernism by incorporating historical references and decorative elements. Notable buildings from this period include the Guggenheim Museum in New York and the Sydney Opera House, showcasing the creativity and experimentation that defined 20th-century architecture.