تمدن اسلامی refers to the rich cultural and intellectual achievements of the Islamic world from the 7th century onwards. It encompasses various fields such as science, philosophy, art, and architecture, significantly influenced by earlier civilizations like the Greeks and Persians. Major centers of learning emerged in cities like Baghdad, Córdoba, and Cairo, where scholars made groundbreaking contributions. The Islamic civilization is known for its advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. Notable figures include Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in medicine and Al-Khwarizmi in mathematics. The architectural legacy includes stunning structures like the Alhambra and the Dome of the Rock, showcasing intricate designs and cultural synthesis.