Britain is an island nation located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. It comprises two main islands, Great Britain and Ireland, along with several smaller islands. The country is known for its rich history, diverse culture, and significant contributions to art, science, and politics. The capital city is London, which is a major global financial center. The United Kingdom, often referred to as UK, includes England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Each region has its own unique traditions and languages. Britain has a parliamentary system of government and is a member of various international organizations, including the United Nations and NATO.