Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom, located on the island of Ireland. It shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. The capital city is Belfast, known for its rich history and vibrant culture. Northern Ireland has a diverse landscape, featuring mountains, lakes, and coastal areas, making it a popular destination for outdoor activities. The region has a complex political history, particularly due to the Troubles, a conflict that lasted from the late 1960s to 1998. This period involved tensions between different communities, primarily nationalists, who identify as Irish, and unionists, who identify as British. The Good Friday Agreement in 1998 helped to establish peace and a devolved government, promoting cooperation among communities.