The "three gunas" are fundamental qualities in Hindu philosophy that describe the nature of all things. They are sattva, rajas, and tamas. Each guna influences behavior, thoughts, and emotions, shaping an individual's character and experiences. Sattva represents purity, knowledge, and harmony, promoting clarity and peace. Rajas embodies activity, passion, and dynamism, driving ambition and desire. In contrast, tamas signifies darkness, inertia, and ignorance, leading to confusion and lethargy. Understanding these gunas helps individuals recognize their tendencies and strive for balance in life.