The tea plant, known scientifically as Camellia sinensis, is a small evergreen shrub native to East Asia. It thrives in warm, humid climates and is cultivated primarily for its leaves, which are used to produce various types of tea, including green tea, black tea, and oolong tea. The plant can grow up to 30 feet tall in the wild but is typically pruned to about 3 feet for easier harvesting. Tea plants prefer well-drained, acidic soil and require regular rainfall or irrigation. They are usually grown in plantations, where the leaves are hand-picked during specific seasons to ensure the best quality. The processing of the leaves involves steps like withering, rolling, and oxidation, which contribute to the distinct flavors and characteristics of different teas.