Sedimentology is the study of sediments, which are particles of soil, sand, and other materials that settle at the bottom of bodies of water or accumulate on land. This field examines how sediments are formed, transported, and deposited, providing insights into geological processes and the history of the Earth. Researchers in sedimentology analyze various types of sediments, including clay, silt, and sand, to understand their characteristics and the environments in which they form. This knowledge is essential for applications in geology, environmental science, and petroleum engineering, helping to locate natural resources and assess environmental changes.