The pigeon pea is a leguminous plant native to the Indian subcontinent. It is scientifically known as Cajanus cajan and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which are rich in protein and fiber. Pigeon peas are commonly used in various dishes, especially in Indian and Caribbean cuisines, and can be found in both dried and fresh forms. This plant is drought-resistant and thrives in tropical and subtropical climates. Pigeon peas are often grown as a rotation crop to improve soil fertility, as they can fix nitrogen. They are also important for sustainable agriculture, providing food security in many regions around the world.