Photoresists are light-sensitive materials used in the process of photolithography, which is essential in the manufacturing of electronic components like semiconductors. When exposed to light, photoresists undergo a chemical change that allows selective removal of either the exposed or unexposed areas, depending on whether they are positive or negative photoresists. These materials are crucial for creating intricate patterns on surfaces, enabling the production of microchips and other devices. The choice of photoresist affects the resolution and quality of the final product, making it a vital component in modern electronics fabrication.